Listen to this article The reintroduction of ground effect-style aerodynamics for the 2022 season has resulted in the return of a phenomenon known as porpoising, at which the heave movement of the car is excited by the oncoming airflow and causes up-and-down oscillations in the car. This was a problem for F1 cars back in the early 1980s when ground-effect aerodynamics were last permitted, and has also been seen in other categories – particularly at Le Mans – at high speeds. Migeot, formerly the aerodynamicist in charge at Tyrrell during the design of its innovative 019 car and involved in the aero development of cars across multiple categories, has said that F1’s limited suspension options means that the teams will have to focus their research on finding a solution to porpoising within their aerodynamic development. “The remedies on the mechanical side, knowing that active s …